Context:
Recently, researchers have made an exciting discovery of two new species of freshwater fish named Garra zubzaensis and Psilorhynchus kosygini in the rivers of Nagaland.
About New Fish Species:
- The discovery of Garra zubzaensis and Psilorhynchus kosygini showcases the unique aquatic ecosystems found in Nagaland’s rivers.
- These torrent minnows are adapted to thrive in fast-flowing waters, emphasizing the need for preserving their natural habitats to maintain biodiversity.
- Torrent Minnows are small freshwater fish found in fast-flowing streams and belonging to the genus Psilorhynchus within the family Psilorhynchidae.
Garra zubzaensis:
Habitat:
- This species was discovered and named after the Zubza River, a tributary of the Brahmaputra River located in Kohima district.
- The river’s rocky and fast-flowing environment is ideal for this fish.
Physical Features:
- Garra zubzaensis is characterized by a weakly developed proboscis, a rounded snout, and a distinctive black V-shaped band on its caudal fin.
- It has 34 lateral-line scales that aid in sensing water movements.
- This fish has evolved with a streamlined body that allows it to navigate swiftly through strong currents. Its gular discs enable it to cling to surfaces while foraging for food.
Psilorhynchus kosygini:
Habitat:
- Found in the Tepuiki River, a tributary of the Barak River.
- This species thrives in fast-flowing, shaded waters with a gravel and rocky substrate.
Physical Features:
- Psilorhynchus kosygini is notable for its unique scale arrangement, featuring 3–4 mid-ventral scales between the pelvic fins and anal opening.
- It possesses 41–42 lateral-line scales, which assist in detecting movement in turbulent waters.
Figure: Psilorhynchus kosygini
- Named in honor of Dr. Kosygin Laishram, a prominent scientist at the Zoological Survey of India.
- The discovery of these fishes highlights their significance within South Asian freshwater biodiversity and the need for their conservation.
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