Syllabus:
GS3: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
Context:
For three decades, the Eurasian otter, a keystone species in Kashmir’s aquatic ecosystems, was believed to be extinct in the Valley. However, recent sightings in south Kashmir have reignited hopes for its revival.
More on the news:
- The otter was spotted in the Lidder River (Srigufwara, south Kashmir.
- Initially mistaken for a crocodile by villagers, wildlife officials confirmed it as the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) through video and photographic evidence.
Historical Significance and Decline
• Local Name: Known as Vuder in Kashmiri, the otter was once abundant in water bodies like:
- Dachigam streams
- Dal Lake feeders
- Rambiara stream (south Kashmir)
- Lidder River (Pahalgam)
• Reasons for Decline:
- Water pollution degrading habitats.
- Hunting for its prized fur.
- Absence of sightings for 25–30 years led to assumptions of local extinction.
Recent Sightings and Ecological Implications:
• 2023 Resurgence: This marks the third sighting this year:
- Gurez Valley (May 2023)
- Heerpora (Shopian district)
- Lidder River (Srigufwara)
• Wildlife officials view these sightings as a positive sign for restoring Kashmir’s aquatic ecology, given the otter’s role as a bioindicator of clean water systems.
Challenges:
- Habitat Restoration: Curbing pollution in rivers and wetlands.
- Anti-Poaching Measures: Preventing illegal hunting.
- Community Awareness: Educating locals on the otter’s ecological importance.