Context:
Carambolim Lake in North Goa is attracting large flocks of migratory waterfowl every winter.
Carambolim Lake:
- It is an artificial water storage tank initially created during the Kadamba dynasty for irrigating paddy fields.
- The lake lies between the estuarine zone of the Mandovi and Zuari rivers.
- Vegetation: It included vegetations such as Nymphea stellata, a rooted plant with floating leaves, Oryza rufipogon, an emergent wild paddy, and submerged Hydrilla verticillata.
- Fauna: It is a home of various residential and migratory birds, such as white-breasted water hens, cattle egrets, pink flamingos, cotton pygmy geese, open-billed storks, marsh harriers etc.
- AVIFAUNA: Carambolim lake attracts thousands of birds, especially waterfowl. The dry fields near Carambolim are commonly known for raptors.
- It has one Restricted Range species of Western Ghats, Malabar Parakeet Psittacula columboides, and one Biome-10 species of Indian Peninsula Tropical Moist Forest (Blue-faced Malkoha Phaenicophaeus viridirostris), it is selected as an IBA based on A4i and A4iii criteria.
Important Bird Area (IBA) Criteria:
| A4i | At least 1% of a congregatory waterbird species’ biogeographic population. |
| A4ii | 1% or more of the global population of a congregatory terrestrial or marine bird species. |
| A4iii | Host at least 20,000 waterbirds, or at least 10,000 pairs of seabirds. |
| A4iv | Considered bottlenecks for migratory species, with numbers exceeding established boundaries. |
Other important lakes in Goa: Mayem, Netravali and Kesarval
World Heritage sites of Goa:
- Bom Jesus Basilica
- Churches and convents of Old Goa
Important Tribes in Goa:
- ubla, Gawda, Kunbi, Naikda, Siddi, Varli, Velip.
Wildlife Sanctuaries in Goa:
- Bondla wildlife Sanctuaries
- Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife Sanctuary.
- Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary.
- Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary.
- Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary.
- Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary.
National Park In Goa
- Mollem National Park.
- Anshi National Park.