Context: A recent Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) report claimed that the holy river Ganga water is contaminated with faecal coliform bacteria.
About Faecal Coliform Bacteria
- These bacteria are found in the excreta of warm-blooded animals and humans.
- They are typically present inside the intestines of humans and animals.
- These bacteria could contaminate water sources like rivers due to human and animal waste.
- Along with coliforms, harmful pathogens such as viruses, Salmonella, and E. coli might also be present.
- The presence of these pathogens can lead to severe illnesses.
- Events like the Kumbh Mela, with large gatherings of pilgrims, can increase the risk of water contamination.
Health risks of faecal bacteria exposure
Bathing in water contaminated with faecal coliform can lead to several health problems, including:
- Gastrointestinal infections: Caused by pathogens like E. coli and Salmonella, leading to symptoms like diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach cramps.
- Skin and eye infections: Polluted water can cause rashes, eye irritation, and fungal infections.
- Typhoid and hepatitis A: These serious infections can spread through contaminated water, causing long-term health issues.
- Respiratory problems: Inhaling water droplets with bacteria can lead to lung infections.
