Context:
The GANHRI, a UN-affiliated body, has once again deferred the re-accreditation of India’s NHRC for the second consecutive year.
Key Highlights:
- Impact on UN Representation: Without accreditation, NHRC will be unable to represent India at the UN Human Rights Council.
- NHRC Clarification: The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) emphasizes that the deferment is a procedural step by a sub-committee within the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions (GANHRI), and the re-accreditation process is ongoing. They are working towards addressing concerns raised regarding adherence to the Paris Principles.
- Paris Principles: Adopted in 1991, these Paris Principles set international standards for national human rights institutions, emphasizing independence from government influence.
- Previous Deferment: In 2016, GANHRI’s concerns about political appointments and gender imbalance within the NHRC led to a similar deferment, which was eventually resolved.
National Human Right Commission of India
- Establishment: 1993 (as per the Protection of Human Rights Act), later amended in 2006.
- Function: An independent statutory body acting as India’s human rights watchdog.
- Paris Principles Compliance: Established in accordance with the Paris Principles and endorsed by the UN General Assembly in 1993.
Background:
- GANHRI Reviews: The GANHRI reviews NHRC’s compliance with the Paris Principles every five years.
- NHRC’s Accreditation History: The NHRC initially received “A” status in 1999 and maintained it through subsequent reviews, including 2006, 2011, and 2017 (after a one-year deferment).
Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions (GANHRI)
- National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) established the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions (GANHRI) in Tunis in the year 1993.
- It was previously known as the International Coordinating Committee of Institutions for the promotion and Protection of Human Rights.
- GANHRI promotes the role of National human rights institutions worldwide.
- NHRIs have been recognized by the UN since 1946 as key players in promoting and protecting human rights.
- The UN General Assembly adopted the Paris Principles in 1993, following the UN International Workshop on National Institutions for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in 1991.